EKHON |UKHRUL: Indo (Naga)-Burma border areas li Kuki kala Myanmar wui immigrants/refugee 5000+ shokdakhalei hi Naga naoli, kala Naga ngalei li threat khaleimang maningla Naga wui strategic geo-political move li kahakkha sazakapai leiya. Chiwuivang eina, humanitarian approach eina response kasa hi Naga wuivang geo-political defeat ngasahaipaiya.
Kasha Thotchan
Thotchan li Indo (Naga)-Myanmar border villages (kamjong dist.) hi atam akhali Meitei Maharaja eina kabo wui ‘Samjok Raja’ pangshap ngapaingarokwui rai kasa atam li samyuingarok khavai apam ngasai kachihi shebshi bingna kapi kahai lairik (colonial accounts) li samphanga. Naomeida, Shebshi na ungkhamung atam lila ‘British Myanmar’ eina ‘British India’ wui shongfa phaokhavai (route – strategic eastern frontier) ngasaya. Ajala local mibingna “old british road” da kaho lei. Thotchan kapikahai lairik bingwui athishurda, ‘eastern frontier’ hili khalei Tangkhul kala Naga Khaung (present kamjong & Chandel) bingli Kukis (“kookies”) na “raid”/rai ungkasawui thotchanli ngahahang eina kapikahai kala khararchan leidalei. kala Kuki naobing kachungkha ungda border areas wui Tangkhulnao bingli rai ungsada mi kathi, ot thongthang ungkhangapon, ngalei ungkhangapai hkt shebshinao bingwui kapikahai lairik li samphanga. Sir Alexander Mackenzie (1884), shebshi wui administrator na hanga; ‘Chasaad Kukis’ kala Kuki tribes kateibing li Kabo wui ‘Samjok Raja’ nala shijinda nongmei katha chisinda Tangkhul (“Thangkhool”) kala Naga khaung bing li mungkhavai panglak saya kachi’ [translated] (p. 205). Dr. Brown wui accounts (1868-69) lila hingthada hangluiya; Kuki tribes naobing kachungkha Manipur wui northeast (present Kamjong & Chandel) vak li ungnamshan da Manipur tampakvak mai ngarei manmanda ungada hanga. Chi theihaoda, Colonel Johnstone na hanga; ‘eastern frontier li Kukis tribes (“troublesome kookies”) bingli chipamkhavai “asylum” mikahai tharan khon kazaar/rotkhamarat kachungkha shokra da hangmaran kahai lei’ (cited in Mackenzie: 1884: p. 204). Kachang changda, kamjong apam kaikha li, kala matailak eina Chandel district kala Churachanpur district vakli Kuki na Naga ngalei kachungkha ungapaikhuida ungpamhaowa.
Aja latluida Kukis na refugees wui aming eina Naga wui strategic salak-kahai ngaleipam, chia border areas (kamjong & part of chandel) eina Myanmar territory li khalei Naga ngaleibing li occupy sakhavai sadakhalei hi atungli hangkahai thotchan chi rashokluishit dalei kachihi manguisamara. Khiwuivang eina Kuki na Burma wui democratic front wui armed group – People’s Defence Force (PDF) eina India wui Assam rifle (AR) li alliance ungsemlaga ishi Naga nao li ngasung haokhala? Kala Naga wuivang machithat kapai rai ngasahaokhala kachi azingli yangarumsa.
Naga wui position, kala Angaran-angayei
Kabo ngahei shong
Naganao wui ngalei (geographically) country khani li leidakhalei sahaoda, ithum Naga nao bingna Indo-Myanmar border hi recognize masamana. Chiwuivang, Burma vakla kala India vakla khaninili Naga wui ngalei (territory) katonga ngak-khavai kasa hi Naga Political Movement wui sakmeithui kachi doctrine ngasaya. Chithahaoda, Naganao na India vakla, Myanmar vakla Naga wui ancestral ngalei li khaya-kashi (recognition) khalei government chili atam-atam li ngashitda okthuirai. Maram hiwuivang eina aja Naganao bingna Myanmar wui political crisis khalei hitharanli Burma wui Junta government li alungli khangashik khaleina, political ideology ngarumda khangashik maningmana kha Ngalei ngak-khavai wuivang khangashik na. Naga wui ngalei Homalin eina haophokda Pangsau kala Nangyung (Kachin state li border kasa ngalei) shangshungda khalei hi Junta Govt. na Naga wui ancestral ngaleina kachi hi officially acknowledge saya. Aruirui “Naga Self-Administered Zone” kachi administrative status milaga leidakhaleina. Kha achakum Aung San Suu kyi wui govt. (NLD) na kashikha ungkhamungli Naga naglei kaikha wui special status khuithuimi khavai alungli panglak eina ungkasa lei. Khiwuivang khala chilaga Naga wui ngalei li natural resources (minerals, timber, jades, ruby, sapphire etc.) kachungkha leidalei kachi theihaoda kasana. kala Homalin (part of Naga ancestral land) hi international trade prospect khalei apamna. Sea port, international airport connects kasa, kala Burmese nao, Chinese kachungkhali ngashiklaga okthui kapai apamna. Myanmar vak wui Naga bing, kala ishi Naga hupta (beyond artificial borders) naoda invest salaga YUR semkapai/semkhavai hotnada khalei potential khalei apam na.
India ngahei shong
Homalin-Mandalay-Rangoon wui global trade prospect kala Naga wui ngalei kala lan naoda Naganao ahupva transactional sapaikhavai (in socio-cultural-political-economic terms) Naga Yur na aja Choro, Kangpat, Ashang Khullen, Namlee, Wanglee area li “Naga Trade Centre” wuivang haklak kahai ot manga kakhuina, kala hi strategic salak kahai national project nada khuiya. Moreh wui thada trade potential leilak kahai apam sahaoda, Indian govt. kala Kuki, Meitei na mikyan zanglak eina ngashanda khalei apam akhala ngasai. Athumnala theiya, trade centre’s semdakhalei hi South East Asian countries bingli Leilon (trade) khavai wui project mang maningmana, kha NagaYur Nation akha semdakhalei shongza hili pangshap kachungkha shokngasakki kachi leiya kachi. Semdakhalei project hi materialize sapaidalei, kala sakahai tharan Naga naowui pangshap kachungkha ngarumsangra kachi hi Indian govt. kala Kuki na theiping kachina. Chiwuivang, Indian Govt. (Assam rifle) eina Kuki underground bing na apong kachungkha eina disrupt sakhavai sadakhalei kachi hieina kharana. Hiwuivang, Indian govt. na Free Movement Regime (FMR) hi Kuki-Meitei conflict li janta ungkhuilaga indian govt. na scrapped ungkasana.
Kuki wui position kala alliance
Naga naona ichicha ram li leishida mazatthui-kathei thada, Kuki naobingna miwui ngalei/lam li occupy sakazat hi athumwui thaona na – socio-political system nadala hangpai. Chiwuivang eina aja Naga wui ngalei strategic kasa apam kachungkhali Kuki naobingna panthuikahai khaleina. Naga wui ‘Trade Centre’ project semdakhalei ngalei hili disrupt kasa kala centre hina connect sakikachi Myanmar wui Tamu town, Khamti, Homalin town, Mandalay city marak wui ngaleibing bing hi capture/occupy sakhavai kasa hi ashiwui kharinna. Apam bing hi capture sakhuihaikha, Naga wui khangaran project maungtamara/sheishara kala athumna socio-cultural, political kala economic (trade) transaction apam kachungkha li control sara kachi theikhava wuivang Myanmar wui People’s Defence Force (PDF) kala India wui Assam rifle li strategic ally ungsemlaga Naga Shipai li rai ungkasana. Kachia, Naga eina Junta govt. alungli khangashit leihaoda, kala Assam rifle na Naga wui political movement pheikar sheisha khavai sadakhalei hili nexus ungkasemna. Chithada sada Kuki refugees border area li kachungkha shokpam dakhalei hi deliberate political move la kachungkha zanga kachihi hangpailak ka. Civil immigrants bingli ngasoda Kukis wui militants (KNA-B) bing chihosangda Assam rifles li coordinate salaga ishi YUR wui shipai li attack kasa chi hiwui eina kharana. Kala hi Moreh wui town hi sheisha (dysfunctional) haoda, kamjong eina Chandel border areas wui strategic kasa apambing li immigrants/refugee’s bing li shijinna/jantha khuilaga kukinaobing na control sakhavai sada leidalei kachihi manguimana.
Theikhangayi
IN A GIST, Indo (Naga)-Myanmar borderland li shokda khalei otshot hi teolak kahai maningmana, immigrations/refugees wui issues nadala makhuikapaina, kha strategic salak kahai GEO-POLITICAL rai (war) na (to subvert the advancement of Naga National Movement). Kala Naga National Territory consolidate kasawui shongza li khamataiya rai akha ngasadalei kachi hi Naga nao katongana theikhangayina.
Somingam PS
(kaitātari kaupapa here)
(The writer is a Research Scholar.)
